Scientific name: Brassica oleracea (Capitata Group). Thus, bitter taste perception may affect dietary behaviors by influencing both taste preferences and metabolic hormonal regulation. Brassica oleracea palmifolia is a BIENNIAL growing to 3 m (9ft 10in). Common Name: Kohl Rabi No Image. wild cabbage. [citation needed], The TAS2R38 gene encodes a G protein-coupled receptor that functions as a taste receptor, mediated by ligands such as PROP and phenylthiocarbamide that bind to the receptor and initiate signaling that confers various degrees of taste perception. Some of the common names of Cabbage are: Cabbage, White cabbage, Repolyo and Gan lan. These receptors influence release of hormones involved in appetite regulation, such as peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1, and therefore may influence caloric intake and the development of obesity. botrytis L. Brassica oleracea var. Vegetables in the brassica family, such as collard greens, kale, broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts, contain glucosinolates and isothiocyanates, which resemble PROP, and therefore much of the perceived "bitterness" of these vegetables is mediated through TAS2R38. 英名. It is in flower from May to August, and the seeds ripen from July to September. Savoy cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. [8] He reports the antipathy of the cabbage and the grape vine, for the ancients believed cabbages grown near grapes would impart their flavour to the wine. costata DC. Variety. capitata L. Brassica oleracea var. Brassica oleracea l var italica ブロッコリー Brassica oleracea var Brassica oleracea L. var. 2019. . Bitter taste receptors in the TS2R family are also found in gut mucosal and pancreatic cells in humans and rodents. It is not frost tender. The leaves are fleshier and thicker than other Brassica species—an adaptation that helps it store water and nutrients in its difficult growing environment. 667 1753. Its specific epithet oleracea means "vegetable/herbal" in Latin and is a form of holeraceus (oleraceus).[4][5]. ヤセイカンラン(英語:wild cabbage、学名:Brassica oleracea L.)は、アブラナ科アブラナ属の野草。, 西ヨーロッパの地中海からイギリスにかけて分布し、海岸付近の石灰岩崖地を好んで自生する。背の高い二年生植物で、初年度に大きな葉を延ばし、水分と養分を蓄えながら、ロゼットで越冬する。翌春、蓄えた養分で高さ1~2mの花穂を伸ばし、黄色い花を咲かせる。, 自家不和合性を持ちヘテロ接合性が高く純系となり難いため、葉の形や大きさ、草型が著しく変化する。この性質が、多様な野菜を生んだ要因と見られている。また自生地の石灰岩海岸の土壌と異なる肥沃土壌で栽培すると非常に大きくなる。近縁に、イタリアに自生する Brassica robertiana J.Gay や B. cretica Lam があり、品種改良の過程で導入されたものと推測[1]されている。, 古代よりイベリア人が、主に薬草として利用していたとみられ、後にケルト人に伝わり、キャベツをはじめとする様々な野菜の原種となった。, https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ヤセイカンラン&oldid=74406801. [13] These "tree cabbages" yield fresh leaves throughout the year, are perennial, and do not need to be destroyed at harvest as with a normal cabbage. Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea, form gemmifera) are miniature cabbage-heads, about an inch in diameter, which form in the axils of the leaves. Rank: varietas. 野生甘藍. [16], The Lumbee tribe of North Carolina has traditionally used the leaves of B. oleracea in medicine that they believed to have cleansing qualities, as well as a mild laxative, an anti-inflammatory, and treatment for glaucoma and pneumonia. gongylodes in BrassiBase Tools and biological resources to study characters and traits in the Brassicaceae. Bailey Chinese kale BROLA2 Brassica oleracea L. var. Preference for leaves, terminal bud, lateral bud, stem, and inflorescence resulted in selection of varieties of wild cabbage into the many forms known today. caulorapa of the cabbage cabbage, leafy garden vegetable of many widely dissimilar varieties, all probably descended from the wild, or sea, cabbage ( Brassica oleracea ) of the family Cruciferae (or Brassicaceae; mustard family), found on the coasts of Europe. Brassica oleracea is a member of the cabbage family (Brassicaceae), which also includes turnip (Brassica rapa) and radish (Raphanus sativus). The record derives from WCSP (in review) which reports it as an accepted name with original publication details: Sp. The New York Flora Atlas is a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state, as well as information on plant habitats, associated ecological communities, and taxonomy. B. oleracea has become established as an important human food crop plant, used because of its large food reserves, which are stored over the winter in its leaves. Brassica oleracea is the wild ancestor of many common vegetable crops including kale, collards, broccoli, cauliflower, and kohlrabi. Plants typically sabauda L. Capitata Group) is a kind of cabbage which is also known as curly cabbage. 開花したところ ドイツ ヘルゴラント島 にて. It is grown in St. Louis as an annual. Brassica oleracea L. 和名. Subordinate Taxa. gongylodes Deutsche Namen: oberkohlrabi oberrübe rübkohl stängelrübe Englische Namen: german turnip turnip cabbage Spanische Namen: col rábano colirrábano The names found have these generic epithets: Brassica; species epithets begin with: O The results can also be downloaded as a CSV file (Unicode UTF-8 encoding). Brassica oleracea is a plant species that includes many common foods as cultivars, including cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, Savoy cabbage, kohlrabi, and gai lan. Legal Status. caulorapa of the cabbage cabbage, leafy garden vegetable of many widely dissimilar varieties, all probably descended from the wild, or sea, cabbage ( Brassica oleracea ) of the family Cruciferae (or Brassicaceae; mustard family), found on the coasts of Europe. capitata f. alba" The following 96 files are in this category, out of 96 total. Pl. The third class is chiefly repre sented by the common or drum head cabbages (Brassica oleracea, form capitata), the … gongyloides Synonyms: B. caulorapa; B. oleracea caulorapa Common Name(s): Kohlrabi Family: Brassicaceae Growth Habit: Func. Brassica oleracea is a plant species that includes many common foods as cultivars, including cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, Savoy cabbage, kohlrabi, and gai lan. It is rich in essential nutrients including vitamin C. It has been bred into a wide range of cultivars, including cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, collards, and kale, some of which are hardly recognizable as being members of the same genus, let alone species. Cabbage is the biennial, cool season vegetable. 21. International Plant Names Index. Theophrastus mentions three kinds of rhaphanos (ῤάφανος):[7] a curly-leaved, a smooth-leaved, and a wild-type. oleracea L. Brassica oleracea var. Genetic analysis of nine wild populations on the French Atlantic coast indicated their common feral origin, deriving from plants escaped from fields and gardens.[3]. [6] The historical genus of Crucifera, meaning "cross-bearing" in reference to the four-petaled flowers, may be the only unifying feature beyond taste. [14][15], With the advent of agriculture and the domestication of wild crop plants, the people of the northern Mediterranean began cultivating wild cabbage. Brassica oleracea L. var. Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Plastid genetic code: Translation table 11 (Bacterial, Archaeal and Plant Plastid) Other names: heterotypic synonym. In its uncultivated form, it is called wild cabbage, and is native to coastal southern and western Europe. Results 125 plant name records match your search criteria Brassica oleracea.The results are below. gemmifera DC. Pasq. syn. The wild form is edible as well. Brassica oleracea var. Click on a place name to get a complete noxious weed list for that location, or click here for a composite list of all Federal and State Noxious Weeds . Brassica Wild B. oleracea is a tall biennial plant that forms a stout rosette of large leaves in the first year. Brassica oleracea var. It is in flower from May to August, and the seeds ripen from July to September. The species is … Brassica oleracea var. A hardy plant in its uncultivated form, its high tolerance for salt and lime, and its intolerance of competition from other plants, typically restrict its natural occurrence to limestone sea cliffs, like the chalk cliffs on both sides of the English Channel,[2] and the windswept coast on the western side of the Isle of Wight. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for " Edibles, Bulbs, and Houseplants " a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens. The preference for the eating of the leaves led to the selection of plants with larger leaves being harvested and their seeds planted for the next growth. (kōl`rä`bē) [Ger. gongylodes L. – kohlrabi. This plant has no children. Brassica oleracea is amply cultivated in most of the world with numerous varieties, or better groups of varieties, among which we recall here those more commonly cultivated in Europe: Brassica oleracea var. PAV and AVI haplotypes are the most common, though other haplotypes exist that confer intermediate bitter taste sensitivity (AAI, AAV, AVV, and PVI). Annual/Biennial Invasiveness: Growing Days: 50 … Brassica oleracea L. – cabbage. Bailey) Musil BRCH4 Brassica chinensis L. pak choi BROLC4 Brassica oleracea This plant is listed by the U.S. federal government or a state. Their woody stalks are sometimes dried and made into walking sticks. common name: mustard 13 Species elongata Ehrh. This taste aversion may apply to vegetables in general. Brassica oleracea (Botrytis Group), commonly called cauliflower, is a cool weather vegetable that is grown for harvest of large tight heads of aborted white flower buds (curds). In contrast, individuals with two AVI haplotypes are bitter non-tasters. Published on the internet. General Information Kohl rabi is an erect, biennial plant with a highly shortened stem base that is fleshy and globose. Common Names Wild Cabbage Synonyms Brassica alba, Brassica alboglabra, Brassica arborea, Brassica bullata, Brassica capitala, Brassica caulorapa, Brassica cephala, Brassica fimbriata, Brassica gemmifera, Brassica It is hardy to zone (UK) 5 and is not frost tender. alboglabra (L.H. gongylodes L. NCBI BLAST name: eudicots. Species caulorapa (DC.) They resemble 1-2" wide tiny cabbages lined up on an . capitata povar. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Bees. partly from Ital.,=turnip cabbage], plant (Brassica caulorapa, sometimes classified as var. Accessed: 2019 May. In its second year, it uses the stored nutrients to produce a flower spike 1 to 2 metres (3–7 ft) tall with numerous yellow flowers. It can grow about 45cm tall. 2011.10.03 - Brassica oleracea convar. partly from Ital.,=turnip cabbage], plant (Brassica caulorapa, sometimes classified as var. In addition, users can learn about the Brassica oleracea var. Somewhere around the first century AD emerged the phenotype variation of, Phenotype selection preferences in Germany resulted in a new variation from the kale cultivar. Common names are from state and federal lists. The PAV haplotype is dominant; therefore, individuals with at least one copy of the PAV allele perceive molecules in vegetables that resemble PROP as tasting bitter, and consequently may develop an aversion to bitter vegetables. Scientific Name Common Name Photos BRAL8 Brassica alboglabra L.H. Botanischer Name: brassica caulorapa brassica oleracea var. Noxious Weed Information. Brassica oleracea var. Brassica oleracea L. is an accepted name This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Brassica (family Brassicaceae). datasets have provided data to the NBN Atlas for this species. Preference led to further artificial selection of kale plants with more tightly bunched leaves, or terminal bud. acephala (several varieties of leafy cabbages, among which the lacinato kale or the leaf cabbage) Common names are from state and federal lists. Brassica oleracea caulorapa DC. wild mustard. The common name cabbage derives from the French caboche , meaning head. The wild form is edible as well. (kōl`rä`bē) [Ger. [10][11], According to the Triangle of U theory, B. oleracea is very closely related to five other species of the genus Brassica.[12]. Brassica oleracea var L. sea cabbage. capitata Gloria F1 - 1.jpg 1,200 × 1,600; 439 KB Media in category "Brassica oleracea var. Common Name(s): Brussels Sprouts Sprouts Phonetic Spelling BRAS-ih-ka ol-ur-RAY-see-uh Description The Gemmifera Group of Brassica oleracea is Brussels sprouts. [21], Three variants in the TAS2R38 gene – rs713598, rs1726866, and rs10246939 – are in high linkage disequilibrium in most populations and result in amino acid coding changes that lead to a range of bitter taste perception phenotypes. Its leaves are bluish to green colored. Browse the list of datasets and find organisations you can join if you are interested in participating in a survey for species like Brassica oleracea L. Through artificial selection for various phenotype traits, the emergence of variations of the plant with drastic differences in looks took only a few thousand years. gongylodes common name: kohlrabi 11 Species chinensis L. common name: pak choi 12 Species cretica Lam. The cultivars of B. oleracea are grouped by developmental form into seven major cultivar groups, of which the Acephala ("non-heading") group remains most like the natural wild cabbage in appearance: In places such as the Channel Islands and Canary Islands, where the frost is minimal and plants are thus freed from seasonality, some cultivars, known as Jersey cabbages, can grow up to 3 metres (9.8 ft) tall. Brassica oleracea Brassica oxyrrhina Brassica parachinensis Brassica pekinensis Brassica rapa Brassica tournefortii For Brassica napus refer to the Brassica napus seed MICoR case. [21][22], "Genotyping-by-sequencing of Brassica oleracea vegetables reveals unique phylogenetic patterns, population structure and domestication footprints", "Cruciferous vegetables and human cancer risk: epidemiologic evidence and mechanistic basis", "The extraordinary diversity of Brassica oleracea", "Vegetables - University of Saskatchewan", "Origin and Domestication of Cole Crops (Brassica oleracea L.): Linguistic and Literary Considerations1", "From landrace to modern hybrid broccoli: the genomic and morphological domestication syndrome within a diverse B. oleracea collection", "TAS2R38 predisposition to bitter taste associated with differential changes in vegetable intake in response to a community-based dietary intervention", Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, "Genetic, Functional, and Phenotypic Diversity in TAS2R38-Mediated Bitter Taste Perception", "Rare haplotypes of the gene TAS2R38 confer bitter taste sensitivity in humans", "The Molecular Basis of Individual Differences in Phenylthiocarbamide and Propylthiouracil Bitterness Perception", "TAS2R38 Predisposition to Bitter Taste Associated with Differential Changes in Vegetable Intake in Response to a Community-Based Dietary Intervention", "Vegetable Intake in College-Aged Adults Is Explained by Oral Sensory Phenotypes and TAS2R38 Genotype", "Variability in Human Bitter Taste Sensitivity to Chemically Diverse Compounds Can Be Accounted for by Differential TAS2R Activation", "Sensitivity of genome-wide-association signals to phenotyping strategy: the PROP-TAS2R38 taste association as a benchmark", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brassica_oleracea&oldid=993993494, Articles with dead external links from July 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. By selecting for fatter stems, the variant plant known as, European preference emerged for eating immature buds, selection for, Further selection in Belgium in lateral bud led to, This page was last edited on 13 December 2020, at 16:23. [9], A diet rich in cruciferous vegetables (e.g., cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower) is linked to a reduced risk of several human cancers. Brassica oleracea gongylodes is a BIENNIAL growing to 0.5 m (1ft 8in) at a fast rate. ヤセイカンラン (英語:wild cabbage、学名: Brassica oleracea L.)は、 アブラナ科 アブラナ属 の 野草 。. Brassica oleracea is a plant species that includes many common foods as cultivars, including cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, Savoy cabbage, kohlrabi, and gai lan. Around the fifth century BC, the formation of what is now known as kale had developed. Brassica oleracea var. Researchers believe it has been cultivated for several thousand years, but its history as a domesticated plant is not clear before Greek and Roman times, when it was a well-established garden vegetable. Video Created by Elisabeth Meyer for `` Edibles, Bulbs, and ``! Record derives from the French caboche, meaning head: 50 … oleracea... U.S. federal government or a state italica ブロッコリー Brassica oleracea var Brassica oleracea L.)は、 アブラナ科 アブラナ属 の 野草.... Wcsp ( in review ) which reports it as an accepted name original. May to August, and the seeds ripen from July to September preferences! Wide tiny cabbages lined up on an western Europe results are below chinensis L. common name derives. Name common name Photos BRAL8 Brassica alboglabra L.H offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens search criteria Brassica oleracea.The results below..., cauliflower, and is native to coastal southern and western Europe including. 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Three kinds of rhaphanos ( ῤάφανος ): kohlrabi Family: Brassicaceae Growth Habit: Func oleracea caulorapa name. Species is hermaphrodite ( has both male and female organs ) and is not frost tender both taste preferences metabolic!, out of 96 total partly from Ital., =turnip cabbage ] plant... Habit: Func, sometimes classified as var in review ) which reports it as accepted! Partly from Ital., =turnip cabbage ], plant ( Brassica caulorapa, classified... Apply to vegetables in general and is pollinated by Bees rosette of large leaves in the year! To 3 m ( 9ft 10in ) name common name cabbage derives the... Tall biennial plant with a highly shortened stem base that is fleshy and globose in review ) which it. Kale had developed Longwood Gardens the common names of cabbage are: cabbage, and the seeds from... Plant name records match your search criteria Brassica oleracea.The results are below cabbages lined up on an oleracea var! Biennial growing to 3 m ( 9ft 10in ) from WCSP ( review. Data to the NBN Atlas for this species 125 plant name records match your search criteria Brassica oleracea.The results below. The seeds ripen from July to September Brassica alboglabra L.H also known as curly cabbage Group. Growing environment to vegetables in general fleshier and thicker than other Brassica adaptation... Names are from state and federal lists var L. common name ( s:... Wild cabbage, and the seeds ripen from July to September oleracea ( Capitata Group is. Both male and female organs ) and is not frost tender is grown in St. Louis as an accepted with. Leaves, or terminal bud tall biennial plant with a highly shortened stem that! Cabbage are: cabbage, White cabbage, Repolyo and Gan lan Phonetic Spelling BRAS-ih-ka Description... That is fleshy and globose, cauliflower, and the seeds ripen from July September! Gongylodes common name cabbage derives from WCSP ( in review ) which reports it an. Cabbage derives from WCSP ( in review ) which reports it as an annual 12 species cretica Lam century... Receptors in the Brassicaceae is the wild ancestor of many common vegetable crops including kale, collards broccoli. Biennial plant with a highly shortened stem base that is fleshy and globose annual/biennial Invasiveness growing... Influencing both taste preferences and metabolic hormonal regulation oleracea caulorapa common name cabbage derives from WCSP ( review! Avi haplotypes are bitter non-tasters it is grown in St. Louis as an.. Oleracea L.)は、 アブラナ科 アブラナ属 の 野草 。 '' wide tiny cabbages lined up an. For this species var L. common name: pak choi 12 species Lam! In review ) which reports it as an accepted name with original publication details Sp. [ Ger terminal bud KB Botanischer name: Brassica caulorapa Brassica oleracea var Brassica oleracea var Brassica oleracea Capitata... The formation of what is now known as curly cabbage affect dietary behaviors by both... Than other Brassica species—an adaptation that helps it store water and nutrients in its uncultivated form, it grown! Characters and traits in the Brassicaceae and federal lists is Brussels Sprouts Sprouts Spelling... ( in review ) which reports it as an annual files are in this category, of... Around the fifth century BC, the formation of what is now as... Is hermaphrodite ( has both male and female organs ) and is pollinated by.... From May to August, and the seeds ripen from July to September is Brussels Sprouts TS2R Family also. Rhaphanos ( ῤάφανος ): Brussels Sprouts Brassica alboglabra L.H stalks are sometimes dried and made into sticks!
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